Neonatal bacterial infections remain a major cause of illness and mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Because newborns have immature immune systems, even common bacteria can lead to severe, rapidly progressing disease. Early recognition and prompt treatment are therefore critical. This guide provides a clear, clinically…
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most important healthcare-associated infections worldwide and a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Although commonly linked to hospitals, CDI can also occur in the community and ranges from mild diarrhea to life-threatening colitis. This article provides a clear, clinically relevant overview…
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by open sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. For decades, ulcers were blamed primarily on stress and spicy foods. Today, we know that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)…
Campylobacter infections are among the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Although often self-limiting, these infections can sometimes lead to serious complications, making awareness and prevention especially important for both clinicians and the general public. What Is Campylobacter? Campylobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, curved or spiral-shaped…
Campylobacter infections are among the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Although often self-limiting, these infections can sometimes lead to serious complications, making awareness and prevention especially important for both clinicians and the general public. What Is Campylobacter? Campylobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, curved or spiral-shaped…
Listeriosis is a serious foodborne infection caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Although relatively rare compared to other foodborne illnesses, it is clinically important because it can lead to severe complications, particularly in pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Understanding how the disease is transmitted, recognized,…
Legionnaires’ disease is a serious form of bacterial pneumonia caused by Legionella species, most commonly Legionella pneumophila. Although relatively uncommon, it is clinically significant due to its potential severity, particularly in older adults and individuals with weakened immune systems. Understanding how the disease spreads, presents, and is prevented…